Life on earth originated from amino acids (proteins), water and energy. According to Dr. Jennifer Blank of the NASA Research Center.

The above three factors are required to sustain life on earth. Working in the field of wastewater treatment, we understand that we must always create effective wastewater treatment measures and solutions. In order to conserve and produce water, sustaining our lives.

1. Overview of water and wastewater treatment solutions

Water and wastewater treatment is an important process to remove pollutants and residues from wastewater before use, discharge into the environment or reuse.

To provide a suitable water and wastewater treatment solution for the customer’s factory. Solutions must be selected based on an assessment of the nature of the wastewater, the purpose of treatment, and environmental standards. Accordingly, combine appropriate methods and technologies to design a wastewater treatment system for the highest efficiency.

Notable water and wastewater treatment solutions today, such as:

2. Solutions in the field of wastewater treatment

2.1 Wastewater Reuse

Becoming more popular in recent years. The term wastewater reuse is gaining a certain level of importance with the effectiveness it has brought. Wastewater after being treated is raised to clean water standards. Ensuring quality to serve different water needs. Including: watering plants, maintaining green areas, cleaning transport equipment, watering roads, public toilets, agriculture, fisheries, etc.

We have many years of experience in implementing wastewater reuse projects. Currently, our more prominent projects, in addition to the ability to reuse wastewater for civil purposes. Our wastewater reuse systems allow for the recirculation of part or all of the treated clean water for industrial production processes.

2.2 Industrial wastewater treatment

At TVTS, we provide wastewater treatment solutions for concentrated industrial zones. In addition, we also serve to treat to meet discharge standards or reuse in manufacturing and industrial sectors:

• Food industry: treatment and reuse of food wastewater.
• Rubber production: rubber wastewater treatment.
• Textile industry: treatment and reuse of textile and dyeing wastewater.
• Paint industry: paint wastewater treatment
• Leather industry: tanning wastewater treatment
• Metal plating and electroplating production: electroplating wastewater treatment
• Mechanical manufacturing, metal welding and cutting: Mechanical processing wastewater treatment
• Printing industry: Ink wastewater treatment
• Paper Manufacturing: Treatment and Reuse of Pulp and Paper Mill Wastewater
• Brick production: Ceramic tile wastewater treatment
• Laundry and ironing industry: laundry wastewater treatment
• Detergent chemical industry: detergent chemical wastewater treatment
• Cosmetic production: cosmetic wastewater treatment
• Energy and electricity industry: power plant wastewater treatment
• Mining production: mining wastewater treatment
• Metal production: Metal wastewater treatment; steel production wastewater treatment; …
• Wastewater treatment of craft villages
• Boiler wastewater treatment and reuse
• Slaughterhouse wastewater treatment
• Sugarcane production: sugarcane wastewater treatment
• Wastewater treatment of wood factories
• Wastewater treatment of plastic factories
• Wastewater treatment of cement factories
• Wastewater treatment of beer and beverage factories
• Wastewater treatment of chi tin production

And much more, …

2.3 Leachate treatment

Leachate contains many pollutants and toxic components. The TDS (Total Dissolved Solids) index in leachate usually ranges from 1,000 – 60,000 ppm. BOD5 and COD range from 100 – 60,000 ppm. To thoroughly treat pollutants in leachate to meet discharge standards will be very difficult and expensive.

At TVTS, we have completed and delivered more than 20 leachate treatment systems across Vietnam. The leachate treatment systems aim to meet the discharge standard of type A, QCVN 25:2009 BTNMT. Furthermore, some systems are upgraded to ensure the quality of the output water meets the quality of reuse for civil and industrial hygiene.

2.4 Hazardous wastewater treatment

Hazardous wastewater is a very difficult group to treat because of its very special characteristics. We have encountered many difficulties in practice when having to treat hazardous wastewater with very high solvent concentrations. [green star]. Therefore, TVTS always has test systems available to evaluate the reality most accurately.

To treat hazardous wastewater to meet discharge regulations requires a reputable contractor with a technical team with practical experience in implementing hazardous wastewater treatment projects.

Refer to some hazardous wastewater projects that TVTS has implemented in the section: Projects => Hazardous wastewater project.

2.5 Medical wastewater treatment

Medical wastewater treatment is the process of treating wastewater in medical facilities such as hospitals, clinics, medical laboratories. Wastewater here will contain toxic pollutants, bacteria, viruses and dangerous chemicals.

Therefore, the technological process of treating medical wastewater always has very high requirements. It requires the combination of many technologies to ensure the highest treatment efficiency.

Designing a medical wastewater treatment process, in addition to using a number of technologies such as: chemical, biological, physical treatment, RO membrane technology, …

In cases where medical wastewater does not meet discharge standards, you can refer to some additional technologies for advanced treatment such as: Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs); Or sterilization by UV light combined with H2O2.

2.6 Domestic wastewater treatment

With the development of science and technology today. Domestic wastewater is no longer a worrying problem. Domestic wastewater treatment solutions allow water to be treated to very high discharge standards without requiring too much investment cost. Some outstanding domestic wastewater treatment solutions today, such as:

• MBR, MBBR biomembrane technology
• Wastewater treatment equipment, UASB tank
• SBR technology
• AAO technology

As a proof of this, most of the canal pollution problems in big cities have been and are being handled very effectively. Bringing fresh air and healthy environment for the development of freshwater ecosystems.

2.7 Livestock wastewater treatment

For household and small-scale livestock farming, 3-compartment tanks (septic tanks, cesspools) are often used to treat wastewater. With a not-too-large amount of wastewater, septic tanks are combined to obtain biogas. Treated water can be used for irrigation. The VAC model is also applied to improve economic efficiency.

Livestock wastewater treatment systems are built and installed in cases where livestock farms have large capacity. Because livestock wastewater often causes a very strong odor in the air. In addition, they contain high levels of organic matter (N, P), which can easily cause eutrophication. This leads to a deterioration of the aquatic ecosystem and the quality of the surrounding environment.

Livestock facilities apply wastewater treatment systems not only to improve the quality of the living environment for livestock. But also to help improve economic efficiency when exploiting large amounts of biogas. Wastewater treatment for pigs, chickens, shrimp, fish, cows, etc. is applied according to Vietnamese standards QCVN 62-MT/BTNMT.

2.8 Agricultural wastewater treatment

Agricultural wastewater includes the fields of cultivation, livestock, and food processing. Treating agricultural wastewater will bring many economic values ​​and protect the environment. Because they contain many toxic substances such as pesticides, plant protection drugs, excess fertilizers, etc.

However, currently, agricultural wastewater treatment systems are mainly applied in large production facilities. Household and farming forms are not strictly managed. Chemical residues in wastewater are still discharged directly into the environment. Causing serious pollution of surface water sources.

2.9 Seafood processing wastewater treatment

In seafood processing wastewater, the COD index is about 500 to 3000 ppm, Nitrogen from 50 to 200 ppm, SS up to 1000 ppm. The treatment of seafood processing wastewater today is no longer difficult due to the strong development of science and technology.

Therefore, the task of the wastewater treatment contractor is: to provide seafood processing facilities and factories with a simple wastewater treatment system, optimizing the treatment process while saving investment and operating costs.

2.10 Sludge treatment

Sludge is a by-product of wastewater treatment. Or it can be a direct product of manufacturing activities that generate sludge.

Some effective sludge treatment methods today are using sludge dryers, sludge presses, drying, etc.

Sludge is also reused as fertilizer, soil improvement, etc.

3. Clean water and water supply treatment solutions

3.1 Water treatment for production

Water treatment for production is the process of treating tap water or well water to meet the quality standards required for production activities. Thereby, improving product quality, protecting equipment and production processes.

The technology used to treat input water for production today is mainly reverse osmosis membrane technology RO. With input water being domestic water, water after being treated by RO membrane can have quality close to distilled water.

3.2 Pure water treatment

For industrial thermal power production, turbine cleaning and some other specific industries. The operating equipment requires the use of pure water (distilled water) or ultra-pure water (conductivity close to 0).

To create water with high purity, in addition to using RO membrane technology. It is necessary to combine with some other technologies such as: ion exchange; ….

4. Desalination of seawater, filtering seawater into fresh water.

With the structure of the earth’s surface with 70% of the surface is seawater. In order to serve the needs of domestic water in the islands with scarce fresh water, ships, … and further in the future when fresh water sources are increasingly depleted. We provide solutions to treat seawater into fresh water with small capacity from 5 to 10m3 to hundreds of cubic meters per day.

5. Wastewater treatment process

Wastewater treatment process requires meticulous and precise calculation and design. The combination of methods and technologies to bring high treatment efficiency. How to make the wastewater treatment process as short as possible. Thereby, reducing the complexity in the factory management process, the treatment efficiency of each method is high and simple in operation.

However, for some types of wastewater with special properties. optimizing the wastewater treatment process will encounter many difficulties and it is difficult to optimize the technological process.

6. Wastewater treatment system

To overcome the management problem of the cumbersome wastewater treatment system. TVTS provides smart wastewater treatment system, with remote monitoring devices. Allows automatic shutdown and adjustment of the system through the management and operation system.

Meet the increasing demand for intelligence in products. Remote management systems are suitable for simple wastewater treatment systems. However, they will not bring high economic efficiency as when applied to medium and large wastewater treatment systems.

In addition, the wastewater treatment system provided by TVTS is always closely monitored by an automatic monitoring system. Allowing continuous and accurate monitoring of water quality and flow at each time.

7. Regulations on wastewater treatment in Vietnam

In Vietnamese law, the decrees, regulations or standards required to be met and applied in the field of wastewater treatment include:

• Law on Environmental Protection 2020
• Decree 45/2020/ND-CP
• Decree 55/2021/ND-CP
• Decree on drainage and wastewater treatment: Decree 80/2014/ND-CP
• National technical regulations on treatment and management of wastewater groups
• National technical standards on drainage and treatment of wastewater groups.

8. Construction of wastewater treatment facilities

Construction of wastewater treatment facilities is a process that requires meticulousness, precision and compliance with strict regulations on technical standards and environmental management.

The construction process is usually divided into 6 main stages:

8.1 Survey and design

• Survey, experimental testing
• Assess the reality and develop a treatment plan
• Design
• Design review, design completion
• Implement technical construction drawings

8.2 Construction preparation

• Apply for a construction permit
• Construction planning
• Site preparation

8.3 Construction

• Infrastructure Construction
• Equipment Installation
• Testing and Calibration

8.4 Testing and Operation

8.5 Handover, training, technology transfer

8.6 System maintenance

9. Wastewater treatment chemicals

The important factor in wastewater treatment, indispensable is chemicals. Chemicals are catalytic products, creating reactions or metabolites. The goal is to convert harmful substances into harmless and easily removed substances.

Some commonly used wastewater treatment chemicals are:

• PAC chemical (alum): flocculation aid in the coagulation process.
• Defoamer for wastewater treatment (defoamer, antifoam)
• NaOH, Chlorine, H2O2, Lime powder, Chitosan, Ozone, …
• Polymer is a high molecular compound that supports the coagulation – flocculation process in wastewater treatment.
• Javen chemical.
• Methanol
• Soda

10. Wastewater treatment documents

Learn about the field of wastewater and waste treatment. Frequently searched documents include: books, inventions, scientific research, projects, textbooks, environmental impact assessments, design documents, dictionaries, software, etc.

To help customers have more confidence in TVTS, we often share research content from engineers and masters working at TVTS. Inventions and patents have been tested in practice and approved by professors at universities.